color term: a word or phase that refers to a specific color
The color term may refer to human perception of that color (which is affected by visual context) which is usually defined according to the Munsell color system, or to an underlying physical property (such as a specific wavelength of visible light). There are also numerical systems of color specification, referred to as color spaces.
color dimensions
Typical human color vision is trichromatic, meaning it is based on a three-dimensional color gamut
These three dimensions can be defined in different ways, but often the most intuitive definition are the dimensions of the HSL/HSV color space:
hue:
representing the different colors of the rainbow or color wheel (e.g. 'red', 'orange', 'yellow', etc.); roughly analogous to the color's wavelength or frequency.
saturation:
the colorfulness of the color, i.e. a measure of vibrant vs. pale.
luminosity:
a measurement of intensity or 'brightness'.
